Homeostasis & Response
What's covered
Key facts
The hypothalamus is the brain region that monitors and regulates core body temperature.
ADH makes kidney tubules reabsorb more water when blood is concentrated (dehydrated).
The combined contraceptive pill contains both oestrogen and progesterone (or a progestogen).
ADH is released by the pituitary gland.
The cerebellum is the brain region that controls balance and fine motor coordination.
Auxin is the plant hormone that controls cell elongation and growth direction.
The brain is made of billions of interconnected neurones and controls complex behaviour.
The retina contains the light receptor cells that are sensitive to light intensity and colour.
Normal human core body temperature is approximately 37 °C.
Adrenaline prepares the body for fight-or-flight by raising heart rate.
Sample questions
A taste of the 135 questions in this topic, answers marked. Sign up to practise the full set with spaced repetition.
How does sweating cool the body?
- ✓Evaporation from skin removes heat
- •Sweat creates an air-conditioning effect
- •Sweat reflects sun off the skin
- •Sweat triggers vasoconstriction
Which hormone lowers blood glucose?
- •Adrenaline
- •Glucagon
- ✓Insulin
- •Thyroxine
Which hormone is highest in the female body during puberty onset?
- •Adrenaline
- •Insulin
- ✓Oestrogen
- •Testosterone
Which filtered substance is fully reabsorbed in healthy kidneys?
- ✓Glucose — fully reabsorbed by active transport.
- •Mineral ions — always fully reabsorbed by the body.
- •Urea — fully reabsorbed to prevent toxic build-up.
- •Water — fully reabsorbed regardless of hydration.
What is the role of sensory neurones?
- •Carry impulses from CNS to effectors
- ✓Carry impulses from receptors to the CNS
- •Connect sensory and motor neurones in CNS
- •Detect and respond to chemical changes
How does auxin cause phototropism in plant shoots?
- •Auxin makes cells divide on the lit side, bending toward light.
- •Auxin makes the lit side grow faster, bending the shoot away.
- ✓Auxin moves to the shaded side, causing it to grow faster.
- •Light destroys auxin; the lit side grows taller and bends away.
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