Homeostasis & Response
What's covered
Key facts
Control of Body Temperature
The hypothalamus is the brain region that monitors and regulates core body temperature.
Hormonal Coordination
ADH makes kidney tubules reabsorb more water when blood is concentrated (dehydrated).
Hormones in Human Reproduction
The combined contraceptive pill contains both oestrogen and progesterone (or a progestogen).
Kidney and Excretion
ADH is released by the pituitary gland.
Nervous System
The cerebellum is the brain region that controls balance and fine motor coordination.
Plant Hormones
Auxin is the plant hormone that controls cell elongation and growth direction.
The Brain
The brain is made of billions of interconnected neurones and controls complex behaviour.
The Eye
The retina contains the light receptor cells that are sensitive to light intensity and colour.
Control of Body Temperature
Normal human core body temperature is approximately 37 °C.
Hormonal Coordination
Adrenaline prepares the body for fight-or-flight by raising heart rate.
Practice questions with answers
A taste of the 108 questions in this topic, answers marked. Sign up to practise the full set with spaced repetition.
What is vasoconstriction's role on a cold day?
- •Blood vessels burst to release heat
- ✓Less blood flows to skin, reducing heat loss
- •More blood flows to skin, releasing heat
- •Sweat glands open more to cool you
Which hormone lowers blood glucose?
- •Adrenaline
- •Glucagon
- ✓Insulin
- •Thyroxine
What is the main female reproductive hormone, made by the ovaries from puberty?
- •Adrenaline
- •Insulin
- ✓Oestrogen
- •Testosterone
Which filtered substance is fully reabsorbed in healthy kidneys?
- ✓Glucose: fully reabsorbed by active transport.
- •Mineral ions: always fully reabsorbed by the body.
- •Urea: fully reabsorbed to prevent toxic build-up.
- •Water: fully reabsorbed regardless of hydration.
What is the role of sensory neurones?
- •Carry impulses from CNS to effectors
- ✓Carry impulses from receptors to the CNS
- •Connect sensory and motor neurones in CNS
- •Detect and respond to chemical changes
How does auxin cause phototropism in plant shoots?
- •Auxin makes cells divide on the lit side, bending toward light.
- •Auxin makes the lit side grow faster, bending the shoot away.
- ✓Auxin moves to the shaded side, causing it to grow faster.
- •Light destroys auxin; the lit side grows taller and bends away.
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